The
Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and Department of
Bio-technology (DBT) has prepared a biodiversity map of the country
on the landscape level. It has also prepared digitized inventories
of important bio-resources which includes medicinal plants, other
economically important plants, animal, marine and microbial
resources. This map will be instrumental for strategic planning, said
Dr. K. Kasturiranga, member of the planning commission and former
chairman of ISRO.
Dr.
Kasturirangan was speaking after inaugurating the National Conference
on BiodiversityAssessment, Conservation and Utilization which was
organised by Abasaheb Garware College along with BAIF Development
Research Foundation. He praised Madhav Gadgil, senior scientist and
chairman of Western Ghats Ecology Expert Panel, who was present on
the dais. He said, “You are lucky to have Prof Madhav Gadgil , who
is the world recognized expert on ecology and for his work on the
Western Ghat as your patron. His work evokes pride in all of us. Prof
Gadgil had kindly consented to be the chairman
of
Steering Committee
on Environment & Forests which was constituted for
the 12th plan preparation.”
He
outlined the key course of action taken by planning commission based
on recommendations made by the Prof. Gadgil's working group as
greening 5 million hectares under Green India Mission including 0.75
million ha. of degraded lands and afforestation and eco-restoration
of 2.0 million ha of ecologically sensitive areas, Reclaim
wetlands/inland lakes /ponds of 0.1 million Ha by 2017, Improve
forest production and maintain biodiversity, Prepare and implement
recovery plan for identified 16 wildlife species and assess ,Coastal
Biodiversity resource, use and sustainability.
He
said that the Planning Commission is developing a Environmental
Performance Index (EPI) that combines ecological performance with
economic delivery for purposes of fiscal planning and social
delivery.
Prof.
Gadgil reminded that Western Ghats is one of the two biodiversity
hotspots in the country other two being Eastern Himalaya. Eminent
scientist Dr. Vasant Gowarikar, principal secretary of revenue and
forest, Maharashtra, Pravinsingh Pardeshi were also present on the
occasion.
The
Biodiversity Facts
- India has over 91,000 species of animals and 45,500 species of plants in its ten bio-geographic regions have been documented so far.
- Nearly 6,500 native plants are used in indigenous healthcare systems.
- Thousands of locally-adapted crop varieties are grown traditionally since ancient times, and nearly 140 native breeds of farm livestock, continue to thrive in its diversified farming systems.
- The country is recognized as one of the eight Vavilovian Centres of Origin and Diversity of Crop Plants, having more than 300 wild ancestors and close relatives of cultivated plants still growing and evolving under natural conditions.
- It is estimated that about 4,00,000 more species may exist in India which need to be recorded and described.
- In addition over 3 lakh samples of cultivars , which have gone out of cultivation are under long term storage in the National Gene Bank.
- An estimated 41 percent of the country’s forest cover has been degraded to some degree.
- As much as 78 percent of forest area is subject to heavy grazing and about 50 percent of the forest area is prone to forest fires.
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